Protection Coordination in Electrical Substation – A Case Study
Protection coordination is the heart of all power systems. To ensure a quality and reliable operation of the power systems, an electrical fault must be cleared within a short time. …
Recommended Protection Relay Grading Interval
Typical Protection Relay Timing Errors Protection relay grading intervals are critical in ensuring selective coordination in power systems. The recommended protection relay grading intervals typically depend on the type of …
Importance of Earthing Only One End of a Cable
Multi-core cables are particularly used for control, instrumentation, computers and telecommunications. These cables carry very small currents in their conductors compared to power cables. These currents feed into very sensitive …
Hazardous Area Classification Impact on Earthing Systems in Oil & Gas Installations
Hazardous Area Classification Oil & gas installation has areas which are classified as being Zone 1 or Zone 2 according to IEC 60079. With regards to explosion ignition of flammable …
Earthing System in Oil & Gas Installations
In oil and gas installations, earthing systems play a crucial role in ensuring safety and mitigating risks associated with electrical faults and preventing hazardous incidents such as fires, explosions, and …
Power System Overvoltages and Insulation Coordination – Part 2
This is Part 2 of this series, the first part could be found here. Insulation coordination is the “selection of the dielectric strength of equipment in relation to the voltages …