History of Earthing / Grounding
When Thomas Alva Edison started his electric illuminating company and began the electrical distribution system, he used only one insulated (from earth) conductor and the earth for the return conductor. …
Traits of Successful Design Engineers
What is an Engineer? An engineer is a professional who invents, designs and maintains machines, structures and information systems. Engineers adheres to the client’s specifications, budget and timeline. Engineers are …
Grounded Conductors and Bonding Jumpers for Alternating-Current Systems – Philippine Electrical Code 2017
Grounded System In a grounded system, the primary function of the main bonding jumper and of the system bonding jumper is to create the link for ground-fault current between the …
Concrete-Encased Electrodes – Grounding Electrode Permitted by the Philippine Electrical Code 2017 Edition
According to Philippine Electrical Code 2017 Section 2.50.3.3(A)(3) lists “Concrete-Encased Electrodes” as one of the types of electrodes permitted for grounding. (3) Concrete-Encased Electrode. A concrete-encased electrode shall consist of …
Renewable Energy Sources
Presently, carbon-based energy sources are utilized to a large extent, however, renewable sources of energy are slowly gaining importance due to concerns about climate change and environmental sustainability. Despite the …
Low Voltage Three Phase AC Motors Protection – Part 5
This is Part 5 of the series of articles about three (3) phase Ac motor protection. Links to others parts could be found in below links: Part 1 Part 2 …