Lightning Damage to Services
In this article, I have listed the possible damage that lightning strike could impart into structures. In addition to this, lightning could likewise disrupt services. IEC 62305-1 provides a list …
System Voltage Classes (ANSI)
In ANSI C84.1-2011, Clause 3, system voltage classes were explained Low Voltage (LV) A class of nominal system voltages 1000 volts or less. Medium Voltage (MV) A class of nominal …
Electrical Power System Studies
Power system studies vary significantly In each design process depending on the purpose of the project. It would be better to have a complete study on your project rather than …
IEC 60038 – Voltage Standardization
IEC 60038-1983, amended in 1994 and 1997 (current revision IEC 60038:2009/AMD1:2021) is a directive to standardize voltages of a.c. transmission, distribution, and utilization systems and equipment for use in such …
IEC 61439-1 Minimum Size for PE, PEN Conductors
Background In 2010, the new standard IEC 61439 series was published to replace the IEC 60439 series. The purpose of the IEC 61439 series of standards is to harmonize as …
Conductor Stranding – IEEE vs IEC Standards
Important Notes: A conductor size expressed in mm² shall be IEC standard and sizes in AWG or kcmil shall be IEEE standard. PEC standard conductors are similar to IEEE standards …